MEDICATIONS

Patients with concussions often have decreased melatonin concentrations, which contributes to sleep disturbances. Supplements can vary in quality with little to no oversight. Look for supplements that have been independently verified. Nonprofit scientific organizations like USP and NSF International test supplements for quality, purity, and potency.

For headaches 48 hours post-injury, ibuprofen is an effective over-the-counter option. It works by blocking the production of substances in the body that cause inflammation, helping to reduce the pain associated with it. In the first 48 hours following a concussion, it is crucial to avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and aspirin. These medications can interfere with blood clotting, which could worsen the situation if there is an undiagnosed brain bleed.

Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins. These compounds are key drivers of the body's inflammatory response, so by blocking them, aspirin effectively reduces both inflammation and pain. In the first 48 hours following a concussion, it is crucial to avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and aspirin. These medications can interfere with blood clotting, which could worsen the situation if there is an undiagnosed brain bleed.

Acetaminophen relieves pain by targeting the central nervous system. It works within the brain and spinal cord to reduce the perception of pain.

A common approach for managing headaches involves a combination of acetaminophen, aspirin, and a low dose of caffeine. The small amount of caffeine acts as a vasoconstrictor, helping to relieve pressure from dilated blood vessels in the brain.

While a small dose can help with headaches, daily caffeine use should be avoided during brain injury recovery. Caffeine can worsen headaches, disrupt sleep, increase anxiety and interfere with long-term neurological rehabilitation.